Some guitar players substitute one type of scale for another. This creates TENSION or mood changes. Most the time the substitutions relate to the scale it replaced.
The chart below shows the names of the some of the most popular scales, the formula (in comparison to the Ionian mode) and the RELATIVE.
NAME DEGREES RELATIVE
PURE MAJOR SCALE
1st. degree Ionian (pure major) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 major 2nd. Dorian 1, 2, b3, 4, 5, 6, b7 minor 3rd. Phrygian 1, b2, b3, 4, 5, b6, b7 minor 4th. Lydian 1, 2, 3, #4, 5, 6, 7 major 5th. Mixolydian 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, b7 major, dominant 6th. Aeolian (pure minor) 1, 2, b3, 4, 5, b6, b7 minor 7th. Locrian 1, b2, b3, 4, b5, b6, b7 diminished, minor
HARMONIC
1st. degree 1, 2, 3, 4, #5, 6, 7 major, augmented
MELODIC*
*In jazz, the melodic scales change back to the church modes, when descending.
1st. Lydian augmented 1, 2, 3, #4, #5, 6, 7 major, augmented
PENTATONIC
1st. Major pentatonic 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 major
DIMINISHED
Diminished 1 1, 2, b3, 4, b5, b6, 6, 7 diminished Diminished 2 1, b2, b3, b4, b5, 5, 6, b7 diminished
WHOLE TONE
All degrees 1, 2, 3, #4, #5, #6 major, augmented
CHROMATIC
All degrees 1, b2, 2, b3, 3, 4, b5, 5, b6, 6, b7, 7 any
BLUES
All degrees 1, b3, 3, 5, 6 major, minor
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